|
| |
|
|
Potential of biomass resources in CZE and costs of its energy utilisation - II
Štěrba, Martin ; Pavlas, Martin (referee) ; Máša, Vítězslav (advisor)
In recent years, we are more and more confronted with the concepts of bio-energy, biomass or biofuels. In conjunction with the increasing pressure on the use of these commodities thein demand is increased. Crops for the purpose of energy production may be an important renewable source of energy and are the primary topic of the work submitted. Introductory chapter provides distribution, characteristics, list of representatives of crops and ways of energy utilisation the crops. Is folloved by an introduction to the legislation dealing with energy crops. The market for biofuels is still in its infancy, and therefore the work submitted presents only general view of the current status of the production and use in the Czech Republic and potential prospects. Interesting is also the position of farmers and the issue of competitiveness. These areas are collectively analyzed in the final chapters.
|
|
|
Fuel Properties: Proximate Analysis of Solid Fuels
Kučera, Ondřej ; Elbl, Patrik (referee) ; Musilová, Petra (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the use of biomass as an alternative energy source and proximate analysis of solid fuels. In the theoretical part there is a research on energy utilization of biomass and a proximate analysis of solid fuels. Individual methods of determination of proximate analysis are described in detail, namely determination of water, ash and volatile combustible content and determination of gross calorific value. The practical part presents results of analysis of selected locally available plant biofuels. The methods of proximate fuel analysis have been successfully applied.
|
|
| |
|
|
Obsah organického uhlíku v orniční a podorniční vrstvě půdy v porostech energetických trav
BLÁHA, David
The study aimed to determine the total content of organic carbon in the topsoil and subsoil layer of energy grasses (Dactylis glomerata, Elymus elongatus subsp. ponticus cv. Szarvasi-1, Festuca arundinacea, Phleum pratense). The plant cultures were established on 16 April 2019 at the experimental field of the Faculty of Agriculture and Technology, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. The organic carbon content was evaluated depending on the sampling depth and the fertilization variant. Soil sampling was taken at regular intervals with a pedological sounding rod from three depths (0-10 cm, 10-20 cm and 20-30 cm). The samples were adjusted for subsequent analysis on a Primacs SLC Analyzer in the Department of Agroecosystems laboratory. The highest content of total organic carbon was observed at 0-10 cm depth and the lowest at depth of 20-30 cm. Furthermore, a positive effect of fertilization on the total organic carbon content was found.
|
|
|
Organic carbon content in soils of energy crops
BLÁHA, David
The aim of the study was to determine the total content of organic carbon in the soils planted by selected energy plants (Dactylis glomerata, Elymus elongatus subsp. Ponticus, Festuca arundinacea, Phleum pratense). The plant cultures were established on 16. 4. 2019 at the experimental field of the Faculty of agriculture, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice. The organic carbon content was monitored regularly depending on the depth of sampling and fertilization of variants. The first sampling was carried out before the plant culture establishment. Further samples were taken every 2 months. All of the samples were taken from the depth of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm by pedological sounding rod. Subsequently, the samples were adjusted for the analysis and examined with the SKALÁR instrument in the laboratory at the Department of Agroecosystems. During the measurement, a sharp increase of organic carbon in the sample taken in the spring of 2020 was observed. A higher content of organic carbon was observed in the samples taken from the depth of 0-10 cm, though, statistically not significant. It was further found, that fertilization influences the total content of organic carbon. The fertilized variants showed higher values than unfertilized. The highest amount of total organic carbon was recorded at the Phleum pretense variant. However, the differences between the plants were not statistically significant.
|
|
|
Evaluation of production abilities of selected energy grass species
KUTIL, Josef
In the project "Non-food use of biomass in energetics" is solved task in part dealing with the grass species as a potential source of biomass for energy use. Selected species to monitor are the cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata), tall oat grass, (Arrhenatherum elatius), reedgrass (Phalaroides arundinacea), grown in three locations - Č.Budějovice, Lukavec, Sokolov. The data for the work were obtained from small-plat experiments, the main part directed to determine dry matter yield per unit area. The potential of biomass for silage use was also rated. The outcome of this work is the evaluation of individual species of grasses as an energy source.
|
|
|
Study of physiological changes in plants under stress by zinc ions
Adam, Rostislav ; Soudek, Petr (advisor) ; Petrová, Šárka (referee)
Heavy metals are part of us life for many centuries. Some of them are for living organism neccessary, but in large amount they have toxic effects. So we should decrease amount of heavy metals in the Environment. We have many way to do it. A relatively new way are the phytoremediation. If we would use the phytoremediation, we should know, what they do in plants. We must use specific plants, which are tolerant to certain heavy metal. If we would select a suitable plant, we have to try, how heavy metals in soil solution are toxic to plants. Zinc is no expection, although it is important part of many proteins. In plants it make rusty leaves and reduct aboveground and root biomass production. In hydroponic experiment I investigated that mallow Malva verticillata was very sensitive to low additon of Zn(NO3)2. The toxic efect appeared in 2 weeks. In sorghum Sorghum bicolor zinc show expressive toxic effect at concentration 1 mmol/l. I studied six cultivars of Sorghum bicolor, DSM 14-535, Expres, Honey Graze BMR, Nutri Honey, Sucrosorgho 506 and Sweet Virginia. According EC50 I as- sessed that the most sensitive was Sucrosorgho 506 and very tolerant were Nutri Honey and Sweet Virginia. Cultivar Nutri Honey was characteristic. It had the highest ratio concentration in shoot to concentration in root. I studied...
|
|
|
Mycobiota of energy sorrel
Janďourková, Hana ; Novotný, David (advisor) ; Mazáková, Jana (referee)
Energy sorrel (Rumex patientia L. x Rumex tianschanicus A. Los.) is a plant with a high yield of above-ground biomass. Because of this, it is grown as energy crop, but in Ukraine it is also important forage crop. Mycobiota has not been examined, even though energy sorrel is grown in the Czech Republic experimentally since 1992 (in agricultural operations since 2001). The aims of this thesis were: to determine the composition of mycobiota of healthy plants and of mycobiota associated with leaf and stem spots, to verify whether fungi isolated from spots can cause these spots and if previously isolated fungus Phomopsis sp. can cause spots. Samples were colected from 4 sites in Czech republic, in three samplings during the vegetation season. Endophytes were isolated from root, stem and leaf. Fungi asociated with spots were isolated from stem and leaf. Fungi were cultivated on 2% malt extract agar and then morphologically determined. From representative strains were isolated DNA and sequences of the ITS region were compared with the GenBank databases, this verified the morphological determination and the sterile species were determined. The most common endophytes were Clonostachys rosea f. rosea, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Rhizopus arrhizus var. arrhizus, Alternaria alternata a Acremonium strictum...
|
|
|
Fuel Properties: Proximate Analysis of Solid Fuels
Kučera, Ondřej ; Elbl, Patrik (referee) ; Musilová, Petra (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the use of biomass as an alternative energy source and proximate analysis of solid fuels. In the theoretical part there is a research on energy utilization of biomass and a proximate analysis of solid fuels. Individual methods of determination of proximate analysis are described in detail, namely determination of water, ash and volatile combustible content and determination of gross calorific value. The practical part presents results of analysis of selected locally available plant biofuels. The methods of proximate fuel analysis have been successfully applied.
|
guest ::
